Isolation from and within communities. E.g. a person living at home can be isolated from their community if they are not enabled to participate in mainstream services (local hairdressers, shops, places of worship, community groups)

Discrimination

Social Exclusion

Restricted access to friends and family caused by being ‘cared for’ in an inflexible way. E.g. organisations not making provision for people to participate in family activities

Lack of access through public buildings not complying with the requirements of the Equality Act e.g. not providing equipment for disabled people

Lack of income – Maximising people’s income and benefits enables them to be able to afford to participate in some community events

Social services and health services – being provided when someone has reached crisis point rather than being introduced earlier to prevent crises from occurring

People having low self-esteem/lack of self-confidence being disempowered – people lose their confidence and self esteem if they experience powerlessness. This can be compounded if they have services that see them as having “problems and needs” and which do not acknowledge their strengths, skills and potential.

Mental ill health – depression can result in people’s isolation and isolation can be a reason for depression developing

Lack of knowledge and information about what is available or seeing what is available is ‘for other people’

Attitudes of staff – e.g. lack of imagination and creativity about how to enable someone to overcome barriers, which restrict them or staff themselves being institutionalised and lacking in confidence

Inappropriate use of services e.g. not knowing that respite can occur in a person’s own home or while away with the family on holiday and only thinking it is provided through residential care.

Restricted choice

Use to answer question 7.5d of the Care Certificate